Electric transformer.



No. 639,590 Patented Dec. l9, I899. A. H. LORING &. H. L. CLARK.

ELECTRIC TRANSFORMER.

(Application filed June 24, 1899.) 0 M m 3 SheetsSheet zz'izzesses N0. 639,590. Patented Dec. 19, I899. A. H. LORING & H. L. CLARK.

ELECTRIC TRANSFORMER.

(Application filed Juna 24, 1899 1 (No Model.) 3 Sheets Sheet 2.

No. 639,590. Patented Dec. I9, 1899. A. H. LORING &. H. L. CLARK.

ELECTRIC TRANSFORMER.

(Application filed June 24, 1899.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT ()Frrcn.

ARTHUR II. LORING, OF MINNEAPOLIS, AND HARRY L. CLARK, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

ELECTRIC TRANSFORMER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 639,590, dated December 19, 1899.

Application filed June 24, 1899. Serial No. 7213714. (No model.)

To all "whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, ARTHUR H. LORING, residing at Minneapolis, I'Iennepin county, and HARRY L. CLARK, residing at St. Paul,

Ramsey county, Minnesota, have invented certain Improvements in Electric Transformers, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to improvements in electric transformers; and the object of our invention is to provide a transformer wherein the magnetic core may be readily and expeditiously separated in solid sections to allow the removal or repair of a defective or burned-out coil or coils withoutthe use oftools or force and without detaching the casing of the transformer from the pole or building to which it is attached or severing or disconnecting the wires leading to and from it.

With this object in view our invention con sists in the construction, combination, and

arrangement of parts, as hereinafter described, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a front elevation of our improved transformer with the sliding door in the front of the casing pulled partly down and open, one corner of the slide being broken away to show the fuse- 0 box. Fig. 2 is partly a side elevation and partly a vertical section on line 502 50 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a plan view taken on line 03 of Fig. 2 with one coil removed. Figs. at and 5 are perspective views of the two sections of 5 the core without the coils. Fig. (5 is a perspective view of the clamp for binding together the two sections of core. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a detached coil. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the separate plates or laminae of which the core-sections are made up, and Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12 illustrate modifications in the geometrical form of the core and its sections.

In the drawings like figures and letters of reference denote corresponding parts in all the views.

A represents the casing or box, which is adapted to be secured to a post or building by lugs 2 or other convenient means and is provided at the front with a door 20, constructed, preferably, as a slide, which may be opened by being pulled down into the position shown in Fig. 1. Vithin the casing and detachably secured thereto by bolts or screws 4, passing through lugs 5 of the bracket, is a U-shaped bracket B, embracing and supporting the base 3 of the main section D of the core, from which it is insulated by paper or other convenient means. To the head of the bracket is attached a rod 6, carrying upon its outer end a U-shaped bracket 0, the arms 7 of which are adapted to receive between them and support the yoke or bridge E, constituting the smaller section of the core.

The sections of the laminated core are made up in the usual manner of a number of iron plates or laminzc (l and 0, respectively, as shown in Fig. 8, piled upon and properlyinsulated from one another and bound together to form a solid body by insulated rivets 12, passing through holes 23 in the plates. To protect the same from injury, we make the top and bottom plates considerably thicker than the intervening laminae.

It is immaterial, so far as concerns our invention, in what geometrical form the core is made, whether curved or angular or partly curved and partly angular,provided it is made in such shape as will allow attachment, detach ment, and separation in the man nerherein described. For the sake ofillustrating our invention we have, however, confined our description principally to the form of core which may be described generally as a U-shaped core, the open ends of which are closed by a solid section or yoke,ashereinafter described.

\Vhile, as has been said, the core may be of different shapes, we prefer to make the sec tions in the shape'shown in Figs. stand 5, respectively, in which the main section 1) of the core, Fig. 4, is in the shape of three sides of arectangle, the two open arms 9 of which terminatein beveled or V-shaped ends 10, adapted to fit into corresponding V-shaped notches or sockets 13 in the smaller section or yoke E of the core. The sides of the V-shaped ends 10 and of the notches 13 are planed and smoothed, so as to form perfect plane joints in order to obtain a perfect closure of the magnetic circuit.

The smaller section or yoke E of the core is provided upon the back with a comparatively heavy metal plate 14-, properly insulated by paper or other suitable insulating material from the laminae or plates of the core proper. This plate 1a is formed with a shoulder 15, in the center of which is drilled a shallow socket 16, adapted to receive the screw or b01111? of the clamp F. The arms 7 of the bracket O are made to extend out and beyond the smaller section or yoke E of the core when the same is in place between said arms and are formed at their ends with outwardly-turned lugs 8, adapted to engage slidably with the slots 18 and flanged ends 19 of the sliding clamp 1 This clamp F is formed at the ends with transverse slots 18 and flanges 19, adapted to slide upon the lugs S of the bracket C, and with a strengthening shoulder 24 at the back. Through the center of the clamp is threaded a screw-hole for the screw or bolt 17, the end of which is adapted to engage with the socket 16 in the shoulder of the smallersection E of the core.

The coils F are made up in the usual manner of primary and secondary windings arranged in any approved way, but so as to leave in the center an opening 21 of approximately the same shape as the arms 9 of the main body of the core, but a little larger in size, so as to allow the coils to be slipped easily upon and off the arms. In order, however, to hold the coils on the arms firmly enough to prevent vibration, which will cause abrasion of their outer wrapper 22, we provide springs 11, consisting of flat pieces of metal, secured at one end upon the upper face of the outer ends of the arms.

In order to produce the structure shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the base 3 of the main section D of the core is placed within the bracket Bin the manner shown in Fig. 4. The bracket B is then bolted or screwed to the casing by the bolts or screws 1, and the coils F are slipped one over each of the arms 9 of the main section D of the core. The smallersection or yoke E of the core is then inserted between the arms 7 of the bracket 0 and into close engagement with the arms D ofthe main section of the core, the t -shaped ends of which fit closely into the similarlysha1 Jed sockets of the yoke E, so that the magnetic core forms a perfect rectangle. The sliding clamp F is then adjusted so that the lugs S of thebraeket 0 Fit within the slots 18, formed by the flanges 19 of the clamp. The clamp is then slid upon these lugs into a position where the screw 17 will engage with the socket 16 of the yoke E of the core. When this screw is tightened, the flanges 10 of the clamp F are held by the lugs S of the bracket 0, so that the sockets 1.3 of the yoke E of the core are forced into close engagement with the V-shaped ends 10 of the larger section I), completely closing the magnetic circuit.

In use when it is desired to remove one or both of the coils for any purpose the cover 24 of the box is pulled down and the screw 17 of the clamp F loosened, thereby releasing the clamp E, which may then he slid off the lugs 8 of the bracket 0. The smaller sect-ion E of the core is then re moved from the bracket 0 and the coils slipped off the arms 9 of the main section D of the core.

\Ve are aware that the laminated core of transformers has heretofore been made in removable sections; but the smaller section has generally been in the nature of a wedge or plug which is wedged so tightly between the arms of the core that it cannot be removed without the use of tools and great force, which generally results in injury to the core and coils, and before the plug can beremoved the transformer box or casing must first be removed from the pole or building to which it is attached, necessitating the severing of the wires leading to and from it, and where the core has been made in sections held together in other ways than by wedging separation of the sections has not been possible withoutthe removal of the entire core from the box.

Our present invention relates to the particular manner of securing the core within the casing and of binding together its component sections, so that the smaller section may be removed without disturbing the rest of the core or removing it from the box.

It will be obvious that the sections of the core may be made in any geometrical form which will allow them to be attached to the box and fitted together by the means hereinbefore described or equivalent means.

Figs. 9, 10, 11, and 12 represent some ofthe modified shapes of core which will allow the use of the means hereinbetore described.

\Ve claim- 1. A transformercore consistingof two sections, and a connecting device carrying one section and detachably secured to the other section.

In an electric transformer, the combination with the casing and the coils, of a core made in two sections, means for detachably securing one section to the casing, a support ing device arranged in connection with said section to hold and support the other section, and means connected with said device to bind the core-sections together.

2). An electric transformer comprising in combination a casing, a core-piece made in separate sections, one of said sections being of general U shape and the other section forming a yoke to connect the arms of the U shaped section, coils carried by said arms, means within the casing for detachably holding said coresections together, and means for independently securing the same to the casing.

a. In an electric transformer in combination with the casing and the coils, a core made in separate sections, means within the casing for detachably holding said core-seetions together, and means for independently securing the same to the casing.

5. An electric transformer, comprising in combination a casing, a core-piece made in separate sections, one of said sections being means within the casing for clamping said yoke against said arms to form a closure of the magnetic circuit, and means for detachably securing said Ushaped section to the casing.

6. In an electric transformer, the combination with the coils of a laminated core-piece made in separate solid sections, a casing, a supporting device secured thereto to hold the main section of the core, a bracket attached to said supporting device to hold the smaller section of the core, and means to bind said sections firmly together to form a closure of the magnetic circuit.

'7. In an electric transformer, the combina tion with the casing and the coils, of a laminated core-piece made in separate solid sections, a bracket detachably secured to said casing to support the main section of the core, supporting-arms secured to said bracket to support the smaller section of the core, and a clamping device to clamp said smaller section against the main section of the core to form a closure of the magnetic circuit.

8. In an electric transformer, the combination with the casing, of a core-piece made in separate sections, one of said sections being of general U shape, and the other section forming a yoke adapted to abut against the arms of said U-shaped section and form a plane joint therewith, coils loosely fitting over said arms, a bracket detachably secured to the casing to hold the U-shaped core-section, yoke-supporting arms'carried by said bracket, and clamping means for forcing said yoke into close engagement with the arms of the U-shaped section.

9. In an electric transformer, the combination with the casing of a core-piece made in separate sections, one of said sect-ions being of general U shape, with arms terminating in V-shaped ends, and the other section forming a yoke with V-shaped sockets adapted to receive said V-shaped ends and form a plane joint therewith, coils loosely fitting over said arms, a bracket detachably secured to the casing to hold the U-shaped core-section,

yoke-supportin g arms carried by said bracket, and clam ping means for forcing said yoke into close engagement with the arms of the U- shaped section.

10. In an electric transformer, the combination with the casing, of a core-piece made in separate sections, one of said sections being of general U shape, and the other section forming a yoke adapted to abut against the arms of said U-shaped section, and form a plane joint therewith, coils loosely fitting over said arms, a bracket detachably secured to the casing to hold the U-shaped section of the core, yoke -supporting arms connected with said bracket and formed with outwardlyturned lugs, a sliding clamp adapted to slide upon said lugs and close the opening between said yoke-supporting arms, and means for forcing said yoke into close engagement with the arms of the U-shaped section.

11. In an electric transformer, the combination with the casing and the coils, of a core made in separate sections, one of said sections being of general U shape and the other section forming a yoke adapted to abut against the open ends of said U shaped section and form a plane joint therewith, abracketdetachably secured to the casing tohold the U -shaped section of the core, arms carried by said bracket l to receive and support said yoke, and formed 1 with transverse guides, and a clamp engaging said guides, to force said yoke into close e11- gagement with the open ends ofsaid U shaped 1 section. 1

12. In an electric transformer, the combination with the casingand coils, of a core made in separate sections, one of said sections being of general U shape and the other section for1ning a yoke or bridge adapted to abut against the open ends of said U-shaped section and 3 form a plane joint therewith, a bracket detachably secured to the casing to hold said U ARTHUR H. LORING. HARRY L. CLARK.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR P. LOTHROP, ELGIE H. Evans. 

